%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
% UNDER REVIEW %
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
@article{Mattingley_under-review,
author = {Mattingley, Wakayo and Panther, Forrest, and Hay, Jennifer and Todd, Simon and King, Jeanette and Keegan, Peter},
year = {under review},
title = {Implicit Learning Across the Lifespan: {NZ} Migrants Build a {M}\=aori Proto-Lexicon, {NZ} Expats Retain One},
journal = {Language Learning and Development},
area_tags = {cognitive},
method_tags = {experimental}
}
@inproceedings{Brown_under-review,
author = {Brown, Cedar and Zimman, Lal and Todd, Simon},
year = {under review},
title = {Dynamics of Language Change: A Mixed-Methods Analysis of Language in an Online Transgender Community},
booktitle = {Proceedings of the Nineteenth International AAAI Conference on Web and Social Media},
area_tags = {social},
method_tags = {corpus, computational, mixed-methods}
}
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
% TO APPEAR %
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
@incollection{Ventayol-Boada_to-appear,
title = {Copula or Placeholder: A Qualitative and Quantitative Analysis of ʎe- in {K}olyma {Y}ukaghir Discourse},
year = {to appear},
booktitle = {Fillers: Hesitatives and Placeholders},
author = {Ventayol-Boada, Albert},
editor = {Pakendorf, Brigitte and Rose, Fran\c{c}oise},
publisher = {Language Science Press},
area_tags = {structural},
method_tags = {corpus, mixed-methods}
}
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
% JOURNAL ARTICLES %
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
@article{Mattingley2024_lifespan,
author = {Mattingley, Wakayo and Hay, Jennifer and Todd, Simon and Panther, Forrest and King, Jeanette and Keegan, Peter},
year = {2024},
title = {Ongoing Exposure to an Ambient Language Continues to Build Implicit Knowledge Across the Lifespan},
journal = {Linguistics Vanguard},
doi = {10.1515/lingvan-2023-0137},
url = {https://www.degruyter.com/document/doi/10.1515/lingvan-2023-0137/html},
area_tags = {cognitive},
method_tags = {experimental}
}
@article{Mattingley2024_awakening,
author = {Mattingley, Wakayo and Panther, Forrest and King, Jeanette and Hay, Jennifer and Todd, Simon and Keegan, Peter},
year = {2024},
title = {Awakening the Proto-Lexicon: A Proto-Lexicon Gives Learning Advantages for Intentionally Learning a Language},
journal = {Language Learning},
volume = {74},
number = {3},
pages = {744--776},
doi = {10.1111/lang.12635},
url = {https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/lang.12635},
osf = {https://osf.io/uq73h},
area_tags = {cognitive},
method_tags = {experimental}
}
@article{Panther2024,
author = {Panther, Forrest and Mattingley, Wakayo and Hay, Jennifer and Todd, Simon and King, Jeanette and Keegan, Peter J.},
year = {2024},
title = {Morphological Segmentations of Non-{M}\=aori-Speaking {N}ew {Z}ealanders Match Proficient Speakers},
journal = {Bilingualism: Language and Cognition},
volume = {27},
number = {1},
pages = {1--15},
doi = {10.1017/S1366728923000329},
url = {https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/bilingualism-language-and-cognition/article/morphological-segmentations-of-nonmaori-speaking-new-zealanders-match-proficient-speakers/C8EFFABA4E36C490093365AF1D72EFAB},
github = {https://github.com/FPanther/Morphology23/},
area_tags = {cognitive},
method_tags = {experimental}
}
@article{BenYoussef2023,
author = {Ben Youssef, Chadi and Gries, Stefan Th.},
year = {2023},
title = {Code-Switching in {T}unisian {A}rabic: A Multifactorial Random Forest Analysis},
journal = {Corpora},
volume = {18},
number = {3},
pages = {297--327},
doi = {10.3366/cor.2023.0289},
url = {https://www.euppublishing.com/doi/epub/10.3366/cor.2023.0289},
area_tags = {structural, cognitive},
method_tags = {corpus}
}
@article{Oh2023,
author = {Oh, Yoon Mi and Todd, Simon and Beckner, Clay and Hay, Jennifer and King, Jeanette},
year = {2023},
title = {Assessing the Size of Non-{M}\=aori-Speakers' Active {M}\=aori Lexicon},
journal = {PLoS ONE},
volume = {18},
number = {8},
pages = {e0289669},
doi = {10.1371/journal.pone.0289669},
url = {https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0289669},
github = {https://github.com/yoonmioh/SuppInfoPhonotactics},
area_tags = {cognitive},
method_tags = {experimental}
}
@article{Todd2023,
author = {Todd, Simon and Ben Youssef, Chadi and V\'asquez-Aguilar, Alonso},
year = {2023},
title = {Language Structure, Attitudes, and Learning from Ambient Exposure: Lexical and Phonotactic Knowledge of {S}panish among Non-{S}panish-Speaking {C}alifornians and {T}exans},
journal = {PLoS ONE},
volume = {18},
number = {4},
pages = {e0284919},
doi = {10.1371/journal.pone.0284919},
url = {https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0284919},
osf = {https://osf.io/au62c/},
area_tags = {structural, cognitive, social},
method_tags = {experimental, computational}
}
@article{Clapp2023,
author = {Clapp, William and Vaughn, Charlotte and Todd, Simon and Sumner, Meghan},
year = {2023},
title = {Talker-Specificity and Token-Specificity in Recognition Memory},
journal = {Cognition},
volume = {237},
pages = {105450},
doi = {10.1016/j.cognition.2023.105450},
url = {https://escholarship.org/content/qt1q4487j5/qt1q4487j5.pdf},
data = {https://data.mendeley.com/datasets/cgrphxc976/2},
area_tags = {cognitive},
method_tags = {experimental}
}
@article{Panther2023,
author = {Panther, Forrest and Mattingley, Wakayo and Todd, Simon and Hay, Jennifer and King, Jeanette},
year = {2023},
title = {Proto-Lexicon Size and Phonotactic Knowledge are Linked in Non-{M}\=aori-Speaking {N}ew {Z}ealand Adults},
journal = {Laboratory Phonology},
volume = {14},
number = {1},
doi = {10.16995/labphon.7943},
url = {https://www.journal-labphon.org/article/id/7943/},
github = {https://github.com/FPanther/Replication22},
area_tags = {cognitive},
method_tags = {experimental}
}
@article{Hay2022,
author = {Hay, Jennifer and King, Jeanette and Todd, Simon and Panther, Forrest and Mattingley, Wakayo and Oh, Yoon Mi and Beckner, Clay and Needle, Jeremy and Keegan, Peter J.},
year = {2022},
title = {Ko te M\=ohiotanga Huna o te Hunga Kore K\=orero i te Reo {M}\=aori [{I}mplicit Knowledge of {M}\=aori among Non-{M}\=aori-Speakers]},
journal = {Te Reo},
volume = {65},
number = {1},
pages = {42--59},
url = {https://nzlingsoc.org/journal_article/ko-te-mohiotanga-huna-o-te-hunga-kore-korero-i-te-reo-maori/},
area_tags = {cognitive},
method_tags = {experimental}
}
@article{Oh2020,
author = {Oh, Yoon Mi and Todd, Simon and Beckner, Clay and Hay, Jennifer and King, Jeanette and Needle, Jeremy},
year = {2020},
title = {Non-{M}\=aori-Speaking {N}ew {Z}ealanders have a {M}\=aori Proto-Lexicon},
journal = {Scientific Reports},
volume = {10},
number = {1},
pages = {22318},
doi = {10.1038/s41598-020-78810-4},
url = {https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-020-78810-4},
github = {https://github.com/yoonmioh/SuppInfoProtoLexicon},
area_tags = {cognitive},
method_tags = {experimental, computational}
}
@article{Todd2019,
author = {Todd, Simon and Pierrehumbert, Janet B. and Hay, Jennifer},
year = {2019},
title = {Word Frequency Effects in Sound Change as a Consequence of Perceptual Asymmetries: An Exemplar-Based Model},
journal = {Cognition},
volume = {185},
pages = {1--20},
doi = {10.1016/j.cognition.2019.01.004},
url = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0010027719300046},
code = {https://data.mendeley.com/datasets/29j986ng3y/1},
area_tags = {cognitive},
method_tags = {computational}
}
@article{Szmrecsanyi2017,
author = {Szmrecsanyi, Benedikt and Grafmiller, Jason and Bresnan, Joan and Rosenbach, Anette and Tagliamonte, Sali and Todd, Simon},
year = {2017},
title = {Spoken Syntax in a Comparative Perspective: The Dative and Genitive Alternation in Varieties of {E}nglish},
journal = {Glossa: a journal of general linguistics},
volume = {2},
number = {1},
pages = {86},
doi = {10.5334/gjgl.310},
url = {https://www.glossa-journal.org/article/id/4948/},
data = {https://purl.stanford.edu/qj187zs3852},
area_tags = {structural, social},
method_tags = {corpus}
}
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
% PROCEEDINGS PAPERS %
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
@inproceedings{Varatharaj2024,
author = {Varatharaj, Ashvini and Todd, Simon},
year = {2024},
title = {More than Just Statistical Recurrence: Human and Machine Unsupervised Learning of {M}\=aori Word Segmentation across Morphological Processes},
booktitle = {Proceedings of the 21st SIGMORPHON Workshop on Computational Research in Phonetics, Phonology, and Morphology},
pages = {20--31},
doi = {10.18653/v1/2024.sigmorphon-1.3},
url = {https://aclanthology.org/2024.sigmorphon-1.3.pdf},
area_tags = {structural, cognitive},
method_tags = {computational}
}
@inproceedings{Yao2024,
author = {Yao, Qing and Todd, Simon},
year = {2024},
title = {{BERT}'s Insights Into the {E}nglish Dative and Genitive Alternations},
booktitle = {Proceedings of the Society for Computation in Linguistics},
volume = {7},
number = {1},
pages = {52--62},
doi = {10.7275/scil.2130},
url = {https://openpublishing.library.umass.edu/scil/article/id/2130/},
area_tags = {structural, cognitive},
method_tags = {computational}
}
@inproceedings{Roll2023,
author = {Roll, Nathan and Graham, Calbert and Todd, Simon},
year = {2023},
title = {{PSST!} {P}rosodic Speech Segmentation with Transformers},
booktitle = {Proceedings of the 27th Conference on Computational Natural Language Learning},
publisher = {Association for Computational Linguistics},
editor = {Jiang, Jing and Reitter, David and Deng, Shumin},
pages = {476--487},
doi = {10.18653/v1/2023.conll-1.31},
url = {https://aclanthology.org/2023.conll-1.31.pdf},
area_tags = {structural},
method_tags = {computational}
}
@inproceedings{ventayol-boada-2023-applications,
author = {Ventayol-Boada, Albert},
year = {2023},
title = {Applications of Classification Trees for Endangered Language Description: Finite Verb Morphology in {K}olyma {Y}ukaghir},
booktitle = {Proceedings of the Sixth Workshop on the Use of Computational Methods in the Study of Endangered Languages},
publisher = {Association for Computational Linguistics},
editor = {Harrigan, Atticus and Chaudhary, Aditi and Rijhwani, Shruti and Moeller, Sarah and Arppe, Antti and Palmer, Alexis and Henke, Ryan and Rosenblum, Daisy},
pages = {7--12},
url = {https://aclanthology.org/2023.computel-1.2.pdf},
area_tags = {structural},
method_tags = {corpus, mixed-methods}
}
@inproceedings{Bedin2023,
author = {Bedin, Cooper},
year = {2023},
title = {Towards a Model of the Listener in Perception of Queer Speech},
booktitle = {Proceedings of the 20th International Congress of Phonetic Sciences (ICPhS)},
publisher = {Guarant International},
editor = {Skarnitzl, Radek and Vol\'{i}n, Jan},
pages = {3617--3621},
url = {https://guarant.cz/icphs2023/399.pdf},
area_tags = {cognitive, social},
method_tags = {experimental, computational}
}
@inproceedings{VentayolBoada2023,
author = {Ventayol-Boada, Albert and Roll, Nathan and Todd, Simon},
year = {2023},
title = {Unsupervised Part-of-Speech Induction for Language Description: Modeling Documentation Materials in {K}olyma {Y}ukaghir},
booktitle = {Proceedings of the 2nd Field Matters Workshop on NLP Applications to Field Linguistics},
publisher = {Association for Computational Linguistics},
editor = {Serikov, Oleg and Voloshina, Ekaterina and Postnikova, Anna and Klyachko, Elena and Vylomova, Ekaterina and Shavrina, Tatiana and Le Ferrand, Eric and Malykh, Valentin and Tyers, Francis and Arkhangelskiy, Timofey and Mikhailov, Vladislav},
pages = {23--29},
doi = {10.18653/v1/2023.fieldmatters-1.3},
url = {https://aclanthology.org/2023.fieldmatters-1.3.pdf},
area_tags = {structural},
method_tags = {corpus, computational}
}
@inproceedings{Todd2022,
author = {Todd, Simon and Huang, Annie and Needle, Jeremy and Hay, Jennifer and King, Jeanette},
year = {2022},
title = {Unsupervised Morphological Segmentation in a Language with Reduplication},
booktitle = {Proceedings of the 19th SIGMORPHON Workshop on Computational Research in Phonetics, Phonology, and Morphology},
publisher = {Association for Computational Linguistics},
editor = {Nicolai, Garrett and Chodroff, Eleanor},
pages = {12--22},
doi = {10.18653/v1/2022.sigmorphon-1.2},
url = {https://aclanthology.org/2022.sigmorphon-1.2.pdf},
github = {https://github.com/sjtodd/morfessored},
area_tags = {structural},
method_tags = {computational}
}
%%%%%%%%%%%%
% CHAPTERS %
%%%%%%%%%%%%
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
% TALKS AND POSTERS %
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
@misc{Cahttoraj2024_CAMP,
author = {Chattoraj, Siddharth and Patel, Shahil and Todd, Simon},
year = {2024},
title = {Deepening Understanding of Frequency Effects in Exemplar Models of Language Change},
howpublished = {Poster presented at the 7th California Meeting on Psycholinguistics},
address = {San Diego, CA},
area_tags = {cognitive},
method_tags = {computational}
}
@misc{Bedin2024_VALP,
author = {Bedin, Cooper},
year = {2024},
title = {Variation and Perception of Queer Speech: A Hierarchical Clustering Approach},
howpublished = {Talk presented at Variation and Language Processing 6},
address = {Vigo, Spain},
area_tags = {cognitive, social},
method_tags = {experimental}
}
@misc{Todd2024_VALP,
author = {Todd, Simon},
year = {2024},
title = {Lexical Adoption, Exposure, and Attitudes: The Case of Eh in {N}ew {Z}ealand},
howpublished = {Talk presented at Variation and Language Processing 6},
address = {Vigo, Spain},
area_tags = {cognitive, social},
method_tags = {corpus, mixed-methods}
}
@misc{Willis2024_LSA,
author = {Willis, Chloe and Todd, Simon},
year = {2024},
title = {{#B}i {T}witter: A Keyness Analysis of Bisexual Discourses on {T}witter},
howpublished = {Talk presented at the 98th Annual Meeting of the Linguistic Society of America},
address = {New York, NY},
area_tags = {social},
method_tags = {corpus, mixed-methods}
}
@misc{Willis2023_LSA,
author = {Willis, Chloe and Ben Youssef, Chadi},
year = {2023},
title = {Random Bisexual Forests: Intersections between Gender, Sexuality \& Race in /s/ Production},
howpublished = {Talk presented at 97th Annual Meeting of the Linguistic Society of America},
address = {Denver, CO},
doi = {10.3765/plsa.v8i1.5504},
url = {https://journals.linguisticsociety.org/proceedings/index.php/PLSA/article/view/5504/5142},
area_tags = {social},
method_tags = {experimental}
}
@misc{Zhukova2022_ISGS,
author = {Zhukova, Marina},
year = {2022},
title = {Emoji Gestures As an Extension of Gestures in Digital Communication: Creation and Documentation of the Dataset ``Gesture Emoji: Use in Twitter" for Russian and English},
howpublished = {Poster presented at 9th Conference of the International Society for Gesture Studies},
address = {Chicago, IL},
url = {https://drive.google.com/file/d/1AhJs7elXyIpQ14mPI4sW6VuexeMwBHUB/view},
area_tags = {structural},
method_tags = {corpus}
}
@misc{Brown2022_LSA,
author = {Brown, Cedar and Zimman, Lal},
year = {2022},
title = {``Critics", ``Boosters" and the Politics of Linguistic Change: A Computational Analysis of the Lexicon in an Online Trans Community},
howpublished = {Talk presented at 96th Annual Meeting of the Linguistic Society of America},
address = {Virtual},
area_tags = {social},
method_tags = {corpus, mixed-methods}
}
@misc{Todd2021_LSA,
author = {Todd, Simon and Needle, Jeremy and Hay, Jennifer and King, Jeanette},
year = {2021},
title = {Phonological Influences on Lexicalized Compound Formation in {M}\=aori},
howpublished = {Talk presented at 95th Annual Meeting of the Linguistic Society of America},
address = {Virtual},
url = {https://sjtodd.github.io/uploads/LSA-slides-2021-Todd.pdf},
area_tags = {structural},
method_tags = {experimental}
}
@misc{Needle2021_LSA,
author = {Needle, Jeremy and Todd, Simon and King, Jeanette and Hay, Jennifer},
year = {2021},
title = {Overt Speaker Knowledge of Reduplication Patterns in te Reo {M}\=aori},
howpublished = {Talk presented at the 95th Annual Meeting of the Linguistic Society of America},
address = {Virtual},
area_tags = {structural, cognitive},
method_tags = {experimental}
}
@misc{Todd2019_LSNZ_eh,
author = {Todd, Simon},
year = {2019},
title = {Diagnosing Change in a Sparse, Bursty Variable: Eh in {P}\=akeh\=a {E}nglish},
howpublished = {Talk presented at the Annual Meeting of the Linguistic Society of New Zealand},
address = {Christchurch, New Zealand},
url = {https://sjtodd.github.io/uploads/Todd_2019-NZLS_eh.pdf},
area_tags = {social},
method_tags = {corpus}
}
@misc{Todd2019_LSNZ_Maori,
author = {Todd, Simon and Needle, Jeremy and Hay, Jennifer and King, Jeanette},
year = {2019},
title = {Quantitative Insights into {M}\=aori Word Structure},
howpublished = {Talk presented at the Annual Meeting of the Linguistic Society of New Zealand},
address = {Christchurch, New Zealand},
area_tags = {structural},
method_tags = {experimental}
}
@misc{Ben_Youssef2019_NWAV,
author = {Ben Youssef, Chadi},
year = {2019},
title = {Stance and Hyper-articulation: Vowel Space Expansion in {M}ichael {S}avage's Stance Expression},
howpublished = {Poster presented at New Ways of Analyzing Variation (NWAV) 48},
address = {Eugene, OR},
area_tags = {social},
method_tags = {corpus}
}
@misc{Mengesha2019_LSA,
author = {Mengesha, Zion and Todd, Simon and Sumner, Meghan},
year = {2019},
title = {Talker Voice and Stereotype in the False Recall of Spoken Words},
howpublished = {Poster presented at the 93rd Annual Meeting of the Linguistic Society of America},
address = {New York, NY},
url = {https://sjtodd.github.io/uploads/LSA-poster-2019-Mengesha.pdf},
area_tags = {cognitive, social},
method_tags = {experimental}
}
%%%
% Old talks and posters that have now been superceded by published papers
%%%
% misc{Todd2023_LSA,
% author = {Todd, Simon and Ben Youssef, Chadi and Vásquez-Aguilar, Alonso},
% year = {2023},
% title = {Attitudes moderate implicit knowledge of {S}panish among non-{S}panish-speaking {C}alifornians and {T}exans},
% howpublished = {Talk presented at 97th Annual Meeting of the Linguistic Society of America},
% address = {Denver, CO},
% url = {https://sjtodd.github.io/uploads/LSA-slides-2023_Todd-BenYoussef-VasquezAguilar.pdf},
% area_tags = {cognitive, social},
% method_tags = {experimental}
% }
% misc{Clapp2022_LabPhon,
% author = {Clapp, William and Vaughn, Charlotte and Todd, Simon and Sumner, Meghan},
% year = {2022},
% title = {Talker-Specificity vs. Token-Specificity in Recognition Memory},
% howpublished = {Poster presented at LabPhon 18},
% address = {Virtual},
% url = {https://sjtodd.github.io/uploads/LabPhon-2022-Clapp.pdf},
% area_tags = {cognitive},
% method_tags = {experimental}
% }
% misc{Ben_Youssef2021_CL,
% author = {Ben Youssef, Chadi},
% year = {2021},
% title = {Code-Switching in {T}unisian {A}rabic: A Multifactorial Random Forest Analysis},
% howpublished = {Talk presented at Corpus Linguistics 2021},
% address = {Limerick, Ireland},
% area_tags = {structural, cognitive},
% method_tags = {corpus}
% }
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
% THESES AND DISSERTATIONS %
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
@mastersthesis{KaminagaWuYeung_capstone,
author = {Kaminaga, Josephine and Wu, Jennie and Yeung, Daniel},
year = {2024},
title = {Aligning Embedding Spaces Across Languages to Identify Word Level Equivalents},
type = {Unpublished capstone project},
organization = {Department of Linguistics},
school = {University of California, Santa Barbara},
area_tags = {structural, cognitive},
method_tags = {computational}
}
@mastersthesis{Varatharaj_thesis,
author = {Varatharaj, Ashvini},
year = {2024},
title = {Exploring the Extent of Statistical Learning used by Implicit Language Learners: Insights from Non-{M}\=aori Speakers Exposed to {M}\=aori},
type = {Unpublished MA thesis},
organization = {Department of Linguistics},
school = {University of California, Santa Barbara},
url = {https://escholarship.org/content/qt13b6328d/qt13b6328d.pdf},
area_tags = {structural, cognitive},
method_tags = {computational}
}
@mastersthesis{Yao_thesis,
author = {Yao, Qing},
year = {2024},
title = {{BERT}'s Insights into the {E}nglish Dative and Genitive Alternations},
type = {Unpublished honors thesis},
organization = {Department of Linguistics},
school = {University of California, Santa Barbara},
area_tags = {structural, cognitive},
method_tags = {computational}
}
@phdthesis{Willis_dissertation,
author = {Willis, Chloe},
year = {2023},
title = {The Theoretical and Methodological Implications of Bisexuality in Language and Sexuality Studies},
type = {Unpublished doctoral dissertation},
organization = {Department of Linguistics},
school = {University of California, Santa Barbara},
url = {https://escholarship.org/content/qt8dx2p71z/qt8dx2p71z.pdf},
area_tags = {social},
method_tags = {experimental, corpus, mixed-methods}
}
@mastersthesis{Roll_thesis,
author = {Roll, Nathan},
year = {2023},
title = {An Integrated Approach to Prosodic Boundary Detection in Untranscribed Speech via Lexico-Syntactic Knowledge Transfer},
type = {Unpublished honors thesis},
organization = {Department of Linguistics},
school = {University of California, Santa Barbara},
area_tags = {structural},
method_tags = {computational}
}
@mastersthesis{Brown_thesis,
author = {Brown, Cedar},
year = {2022},
title = {The Politics of Community Language Change: A Computational Analysis of Language Norms in an Online Trans Community},
type = {Unpublished MA thesis},
organization = {Department of Linguistics},
school = {University of California, Santa Barbara},
url = {https://escholarship.org/content/qt45d035nh/qt45d035nh.pdf},
area_tags = {social},
method_tags = {corpus, mixed-methods, computational}
}
@phdthesis{Todd_dissertation,
author = {Todd, Simon},
year = {2019},
title = {The Listener in Language Change},
type = {Unpublished doctoral dissertation},
organization = {Department of Linguistics},
school = {Stanford University},
url = {http://purl.stanford.edu/mm624dn7355},
area_tags = {cognitive, social},
method_tags = {corpus, mixed-methods, computational}
}
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
% OTHER (DISSEMINABLE) %
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%